- Data Comm & Networks Home
- DCN - Overview
- DCN - What is Computer Network
- DCN - Uses of Computer Network
- DCN - Computer Network Types
- DCN - Network LAN Technologies
- DCN - Computer Network Models
- DCN - Computer Network Security
- DCN - Components
- DCN - Connectors
- DCN - Switches
- DCN - Repeaters
- DCN - Gateways
- DCN - Bridges
- DCN - Socket
- DCN - Network Interface Card
- DCN - NIC: Pros and Cons
- DCN - Network Hardware
- DCN - Network Port
- Computer Network Topologies
- DCN - Computer Network Topologies
- DCN - Point-to-point Topology
- DCN - Bus Topology
- DCN - Star Topology
- DCN - Ring Topology
- DCN - Mesh Topology
- DCN - Tree Topology
- DCN - Hybrid Topology
- Physical Layer
- DCN - Physical Layer Introduction
- DCN - Digital Transmission
- DCN - Analog Transmission
- DCN - Transmission media
- DCN - Wireless Transmission
- DCN - Transmission Impairments
- DCN - Multiplexing
- DCN - Network Switching
- Data Link Layer
- DCN - Data Link Layer Introduction
- DCN - Data Link Control & Protocols
- DCN - RMON
- DCN - Token Ring Network
- DCN - Hamming Code
- DCN - Byte Stuffing
- DCN - Channel Allocation
- DCN - MAC Address
- DCN - Cyclic Redundancy Checks
- DCN - Error Control
- DCN - Flow Control
- DCN - Framing
- DCN - Error Detection & Correction
- DCN - Error Correcting Codes
- DCN - Parity Bits
- Network Layer
- DCN - Network Layer Introduction
- DCN - Network Addressing
- DCN - Routing
- DCN - Internetworking
- DCN - Network Layer Protocols
- DCN - Routing Information Protocol
- DCN - Border Gateway Protocol
- DCN - OSPF Protocol
- DCN - Network Address Translation
- DCN - Network Address Translation Types
- Transport Layer
- DCN - Transport Layer Introduction
- DCN - Transmission Control Protocol
- DCN - User Datagram Protocol
- DCN - Congestion Control
- DCN - TCP Service Model
- DCN - TLS Handshake
- DCN - TCP Vs. UDP
- Application Layer
- DCN - Application Layer Introduction
- DCN - Client-Server Model
- DCN - Application Protocols
- DCN - Network Services
- DCN - Virtual Private Network
- DCN - Load Shedding
- DCN - Optimality Principle
- DCN - Service Primitives
- DCN - Services of Network Security
- DCN - Hypertext Transfer Protocol
- DCN - File Transfer Protocol
- DCN - Secure Socket Layer
- Network Protocols
- DCN - ALOHA Protocol
- DCN - Pure ALOHA Protocol
- DCN - Sliding Window Protocol
- DCN - Stop and Wait Protocol
- DCN - Link State Routing
- DCN - Link State Routing Protocol
- Network Algorithms
- DCN - Shortest Path Algorithm
- DCN - Routing Algorithm
- DCN - Leaky Bucket Algorithm
- Wireless Networks
- DCN - Wireless Networks
- DCN - Wireless LANs
- DCN - Wireless LAN & IEEE 802.11
- DCN - IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN Standards
- DCN - IEEE 802.11 Networks
- Multiplexing
- DCN - Multiplexing & Its Types
- DCN - Time Division Multiplexing
- DCN - Synchronous TDM
- DCN - Asynchronous TDM
- DCN - Synchronous Vs. Asynchronous TDM
- DCN - Frequency Division Multiplexing
- DCN - TDM Vs. FDM
- DCN - Code Division Multiplexing
- DCN - Wavelength Division Multiplexing
- Miscellaneous
- DCN - Shortest Path Routing
- DCN - B-ISDN Reference Model
- DCN - Design Issues For Layers
- DCN - Selective-repeat ARQ
- DCN - Flooding
- DCN - E-Mail Format
- DCN - Cryptography
- DCN - Unicast, Broadcast, & Multicast
- DCN - Network Virtualization
- DCN - Flow Vs. Congestion Control
- DCN - Asynchronous Transfer Mode
- DCN - ATM Networks
- DCN - Synchronous Vs. Asynchronous Transmission
- DCN - Network Attacks
- DCN - WiMax
- DCN - Buffering
- DCN - Authentication
- DCN Useful Resources
- DCN - Quick Guide
- DCN - Useful Resources
Service Primitives in Computer Networks
A service is a set of primitives or we call it as operations where a user can invoke to access the service.
The selective primitives tell the service to perform an action taken by peer nodes.
-
The initiating node wants to establish a connection send CONNECT.
-
Request A node wants to do some work or a packet is being sent.
-
-
The receiver accepts the request and CONNECT.
-
Indication A node is saying that it wants to set up a connection to it.
-
-
The CONNECT. The node issuing the initial CONNECT. request finds out what happened via a CONNECT. Confirm primitive.
Response is primitive to tell whether it wants to accept or reject the proposed connection.
Types of Service Primitives
Generally service primitives are divided into four classes
-
Request A service node wants some service from its adjacent layer to pass the parameters to mention the requested service.
-
Indication Another Service node or receiver node gets an indication that a procedure has been invoked by the adjacent service node.
-
Response A receiver service node acknowledges or completes some procedure.
-
Confirm service nodes acknowledge the permission to get connected or not.
The different types of service primitives are explained below
| Primitive | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Indication | Information given by an node of an event Example The receiver just received a connection request. |
| Request | Service is requested by the node. Example Requesting for a connection to a remote computer. |
| Response | Node is responding to an event. Example the receiver sending the permission to connect. |
| Confirm | A node acknowledges the response to its request. Example receiver acknowledge after receiving the data from sender |
Parameters of Service Primitives
The parameters of primitives are: CONNECT, DATA, DISCONNECT which are used to establish a connection, to send data, and Disconnect a connection.
Generally services can be either confirmed or unconfirmed.
-
Confirmed service the connection oriented services are called confirmed services.
-
Unconfirmed service the connectionless services are called unconfirmed services.
Connection Oriented Service
The service primitives for the connection oriented services are as follows
-
CONNECT. request: Request a connection to be established.
-
CONNECT. indication: Signal the called party (phone ringing).
-
CONNECT. response: Accept / reject calls.
-
CONNECT. confirm: Tell the caller whether the call was accepted.
-
DATA. request: Request that data be sent.
-
DATA. indication: Signal the arrival of data.
-
DISCONNECT. request: Request that a connection be released.
-
DISCONNECT. indication: Signal the peer about the request.
-
Example: Modern Telephone and Internet Services
Connection less Service
The service primitives for the connection less services are as follows
-
SENDING. data Sender just sending data (traditional postal service).
-
REPORT. confirm availability of reports the data reached at destination (registered post)